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Retail glossary


A-E      F-L      M-Z     




Agency/partnership system

Refers to the methods of practicing and using another person's business model. The network partner manages the outlet but does not usually own the goods he is selling. The goods (or materials necessary to perform services) belong to the licensor. The agent signs buy-sell contracts on behalf of the licensor. In return for the sales of goods or services, the agent receives a commission specified in the licensing contract. There are many versions of this system. The conditions are agreed on a case-by-case basis by the system's initiator.



Convenience stores

Small-format chain stores open at least 11 hours a day, with a basic range of groceries, alcohol, cigarettes and newspapers/magazines.



Delicatessen supermarkets

Supermarkets with an extended premium range, targeting medium- and high-income customers.



Direct distribution

Offering goods and services directly to consumers, through person-to-person contact, usually at the client's home, workplace or elsewhere outside of all-year retail sales points; a form of retail distribution outside of a chain of shops. Direct distribution requires the personal presentation of the product and the provision of explanations and advice.



Discount stores, discounters

Grocery or mixed grocery and non-food stores around 1,000 m2 in size, offering on average around 800-1,200 products, chiefly foodstuffs, often under the retailer's own private label or produced exclusively for the retailer. Prices are on average 15-30% lower than the market averages. Types include soft and hard discounters.



DIY retail market

Do It Yourself retail market ? the value of the sum of merchandise sold in DIY stores (construction materials, finishing, decoration and garden products).



DIY stores

Modern, usually large-format stores specialising in the sale of construction materials, finishing, decoration and garden products.



Drugstore and cosmetics shops

Outlets whose key offering is made up of cosmetics, toiletries, hygiene products, accessories, and possibly also household chemicals. It includes: cosmetics shops primarily selling cosmetics; perfumeries primarily selling luxury (selected) cosmetics brands and targeting high earners; chemical shops primarily selling household chemicals.



E-shopping mall

A website which presents the offers of a number of internet stores.



E-store, internet store, on-line store

A sales point involved in e-trading over the internet under a unique www address, with an interactive form that allows the consumer to place an order for a product or service using the information provided (including price and method of payment).



FMCG

Fast Moving Consumer Goods: a group of products sold quickly at a relatively low cost, usually referring to food (excluding fresh food) and cosmetics/toiletry items.



Franchising system

Refers to the methods of practicing and using another person's business model. The parties signing a franchising agreement remain totally independent of each other. Both the outlet and the goods (which are frequently supplied by the franchisor) belong to the franchisee. The franchisee purchases goods and services on its own behalf and account; the complete sales revenue belongs to the franchisee, who pays periodic franchise fees to the franchisor.



Grocery retail market

The value of the sum of merchandise sold in grocery stores. It includes fresh foods, FMCG and other products (including non-foods) sold in grocery shops.



Grocery shop/store

A retail outlet offering typical foodstuffs, non-food merchandise (mixed grocery and non-food stores), or groceries only.



Hard discounters

A type of discounter characterised by a limited product range and a predominance of low price private labels.



HoReCa market

Hotel food service (Ho), restaurant-services (Re) and catering (Ca) market.



Hypermarkets

Mixed grocery and non-food stores over 2,500 m2 in size, offering on average 40,000 items, around 50% of which are foodstuffs.



Integrator

A firm running a franchise- or partnership-based retail chain. It may operate on a commission basis or act as supplier if the integrator is a wholesaler.



Internet auction, internet auction platform

An internet service through which products can be sold and auctions can be participated in via the internet.



Large-format stores

Grocery and mixed grocery and non-food stores typically above 400 m2 in size (retail space). This definition covers hypermarkets, supermarkets and discount stores.



Mono-brand clothing stores

Stores offering clothing, footwear and accessories under a single brand.



Multi-brand clothing stores

Stores offering clothing, footwear and accessories under various brands.



Price comparison website

A specialised website comparing the prices of products across various internet stores.



Private labels (also known as own brands)

Products manufactured on commission from a retail chain, which are only available in the chain's stores and are owned by the chain.



Small-format shops

Grocery or mixed grocery and non-food shops under 400 m2 in size.



Soft discounters

A type of discounter characterised by a broader product range, including fresh food and mostly manufacturers' brands.



Specialist food stores

Outlets selling a selected category of groceries. These include butchers' shops, bakeries, cake shops, off-licences and greengrocers'.



Supermarkets

Mixed grocery and non-food or grocery-only stores 300-2,500 m2 in size, offering on average 5,000-10,000 products, at least some 70% of which are foodstuffs.



 
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